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Five monoecious (Uso-31, Carmaleonte, Codimono, Futura 75, and Felina 32) and six dioecious (Bernabeo, Carmagnola, CS, Fibranova, Fibrante, and Eletta Campana) European industrial hemp genotypes were cultivated in an open field for two consecutive years. The main characteristics of the cultivated plant material—including chemotypes, flower type, and flowering time—are reported in Table 1.

Table 1. Agronomic trial data from the years 2019–2020. Height is expressed in cm, the diameter at the collar in mm, the density as number of plants/m2, and the dried inflorescences yield as g/m2. Genotype Chemotype Flower type Flowering time Sowing date Harvest date Height Collar diameter Plant density Dried inflorescences yield 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 Carmaleonte III Monoecious Medium 19 April 23 April 16 September 16 September 177 ± 42.5 223.6 ± 35.7 7.9 ± 2.8 13.8 ± 3.3 62 ± 24 2.2 ± 1.1 460 20 Codimono III Monoecious Medium 19 April 23 April 25 September 16 September 183 ± 39.9 255.2 ± 32.8 6.6 ± 2.2 13.0 ± 3.6 77 ± 27.2 5.7 ± 0.7 440 51 Futura 75 III Monoecious Medium 19 April 23 April 18 September 16 September 77.3 ± 17.6 238.6 ± 58.2 255.6 ± 4.9 13.1 ± 4.4 8.6 ± 0.3 7.4 ± 1.3 71 67 Felina 32 III Monoecious Medium 4 June 23 April 20 September 16 September 151 ± 33 222.3 ± 43.3 5.9 ± 1.9 13.3 ± 4.5 61.3 ± 23.8 4.2 ± 1.5 160 40 Uso-31 V Monoecious Early 4 June 23 April 20 September 31 August 108 ± 31 184.4 ± 26.0 5.2 ± 1.9 11.6 ± 2.3 60.6 ± 11.3 3.2 ± 0.3 200 29 Bernabeo IV Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 28 September 8 October 211.6 ± 50.1 277.3 ± 38.9 8.6 ± 2.8 19.5 ± 6.7 64.3 ± 15.3 4.3 ± 3.2 430 39 Carmagnola III Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 9 October 8 October 228.3 ± 44.8 272.4 ± 34.5 8.2 ± 2.5 19.2 ± 5.1 61 ± 1 2.7 ± 2.0 410 24 Fibranova III Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 30 September 8 October 273.7 ± 45.6 314.5 ± 34.8 9.4 ± 2.8 17.1 ± 5.0 78.3 ± 14.4 6.3 ± 3.2 440 57 Fibrante III Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 11 October 8 October 269.1 ± 47.6 202.8 ± 5.2 10.1 ± 2.7 15.0 ± 1.3 85.3 ± 11 0.7 ± 0.4 420 6 Eletta Campana III Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 16 October 8 October 260.3 ± 44.3 304.5 ± 40.4 9.1 ± 2.6 17.5 ± 3.6 94.7 ± 29.1 5.7 ± 2.1 420 51 CS III Dioecious Late 19 April 23 April 1 October 8 October 246 ± 51.8 333.7 ± 37.5 9.2 ± 3 18.1 ± 3.8 60.3 ± 22.3 6.3 ± 1.7 440 57

Sowing was performed on April 19, 2019 and April 23, 2020, with a 25 cm distance between rows on randomized blocks with three repetitions, and a plot size of 20 m².

The harvest date differed according to the flower behavior and flowering time of each genotype. Generally, monoecious and early-flowering strains were harvested earlier than dioecious and late-flowering genotypes in both years (Table 1).

The comparison between plant heights showed differences between the two years, with higher plants obtained in 2020. The same trend was observed when comparing plant collar diameters. Plant density, defined as number of plants/m², and dried inflorescences yield, measured as g/m², were significantly lower in 2020, while dried inflorescences yield calculated for single plant was by far higher in 2020 than in 2019. These differences in plant growth in the two years of cultivation could be due to the lack of rainfall in the pre- and post-emergence period of 2020, compared to that of 2019, which could have caused a reduced germination rate and, therefore, a lower plant density. Conversely, 2019 was very rainy in May and June, favoring seed germination and following plant density. This rainfall trend was inverted in June; indeed, the rainy period (July and August) in 2020 could have allowed for a biomass production greater than that observed in 2019, as is clearly shown in Table 1. Finally, September 2019 was rainier than 2020, and this could have influenced the EOs’ yield.