Journal:Essential oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of yield and chemical composition of 11 hemp genotypes
| Full article title | Essential oil of Cannabis sativa L: Comparison of yield and chemical composition of 11 hemp genotypes |
|---|---|
| Journal | Molecules |
| Author(s) | Pieracci, Yienia; Ascrizzi, R.; Terreni, Valentina; Pistelli, Luisa; Flamini, Guido; Bassolino, Laura; Fulvio, Flavia; Montanari, Massimo; Paris, Roberta |
| Author affiliation(s) | University of Pisa, CREA – Cereal and Industrial Crop Research Centre, University of Foggia |
| Primary contact | Email: roberta dot ascrizzi at gmail dot com |
| Year published | 2021 |
| Volume and issue | 26(13) |
| Article # | 4080 |
| DOI | 10.3390/molecules26134080 |
| ISSN | 1420-3049 |
| Distribution license | Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
| Website | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/4080/htm |
| Download | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/13/4080/pdf (PDF) |
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Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. is an annual species cultivated since antiquity for different purposes. While in the past hemp inflorescences were considered crop residues, at present they are regarded as valuable raw materials with different applications, among which extraction of the essential oil (EO) has gained increasing interest in many fields. The aim of the present study is the evaluation of the yield and the chemical composition of the EO obtained by hydrodistillation from 11 hemp genotypes, cultivated in the same location for two consecutive growing seasons. The composition of the EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and then subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. Sesquiterpenes represented the main class of compounds in all the EOs, both in their hydrocarbon and oxygenated forms, with relative abundances ranging from 47.1 to 78.5%; the only exception was the Felina 32 sample collected in 2019, in which cannabinoids predominated. Cannabinoids were the second most abundant class of compounds, of which cannabidiol was the main one, with relative abundances between 11.8 and 51.5%. The statistical distribution of the samples, performed on the complete chemical composition of the EOs, evidenced a partition based on the year of cultivation, rather than on the genotype, with the exception of Uso-31. Regarding the extraction yield, a significant variation was evidenced among both the genotypes and the years of cultivation.
Keywords: monoecious, dioecious, by-products, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, cannabinoids, flowering behavior, cannabidiol
Introduction
Cannabis sativa L. is an annual herb belonging to the Cannabaceae family, which has been cultivated since antiquity as a source of fiber, seed oil, food, and medicine, as well as for recreational and religious purposes.[1] It has evolved as a dioecious species, with female and male flowers on different individuals, but selection processes have led to the development of monoecious genotypes that bare male and female flowers on the same individual. Thus, depending on the intended use, the morphology of the plants varies significantly between genotypes in terms of height, biomass, and seed yield.[1][2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Bonini, S.A.; Premoli, M.; Tambaro, S. et al. (2018). "Cannabis sativa: A comprehensive ethnopharmacological review of a medicinal plant with a long history". Journal of Ethnopharmacology 227: 300–15. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.004.
- ↑ Chandra, S.; Lata, H.; Khan, I.A. et al. (2017). "Chapter 3: Cannabis sativa L.: Botany and Horticulture". In Chandra, S.; Lata, H.; ElSohly, M.A.. Cannabis sativa L. - Botany and Biotechnology. Springer. pp. 79–100. ISBN 9783319545646.
Notes
This presentation is faithful to the original, with only a few minor changes to presentation. Some grammar and punctuation was cleaned up to improve readability. In some cases important information was missing from the references, and that information was added.
